Signal boosters must comply with various EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility) standards to ensure they operate effectively without causing interference. The specific standards can vary by region, but the following are key standards applicable in the United States and Europe:
United States Compliance
1. FCC Regulations: In the U.S., signal boosters must adhere to the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) rules outlined in Report and Order FCC 13-21. This includes compliance with:- Parts 20, 22, 24, 27, and 90 of the FCC rules, which govern the technical and operational requirements for signal boosters.
- Network Protection Standards (NPS) that require devices to self-monitor operations, automatically shut down when not in compliance, and mitigate harmful interference[1][3].
2. Technical Requirements: Signal boosters must also meet specific technical parameters related to power levels and unwanted emissions. They are required to operate on designated frequency bands used for subscriber-based services and must not amplify signals outside their passband[2][3].
European Compliance
1. ETSI Standards: In Europe, signal boosters must comply with European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) standards such as:- EN 303 609: This standard specifies requirements for mobile phone repeaters.
- EN 301 908-11: This relates to the harmonized standards for equipment operating in the mobile communication services[1].
General EMC Standards
- Emission and Immunity Levels: Signal boosters must adhere to general EMC standards that define limits for electromagnetic emissions and immunity levels against external electromagnetic interference (EMI). These standards ensure that devices do not generate excessive EMI and can withstand external EMI without malfunctioning[4][5].Summary
In summary, signal boosters must comply with FCC regulations in the U.S., including specific technical requirements and NPS, as well as ETSI standards in Europe. Additionally, they must meet general EMC criteria regarding emissions and immunity to ensure reliable operation without interference.Citations:
[1] https://www.pta.gov.pk/assets/media/ad_cons_paper_10102020.pdf
[2] https://apps.fcc.gov/kdb/GetAttachment.html?id=IrdDP74Ab4%2FMUbyQnMOT4w%3D%3D&desc=935210+D03+Signal+Booster+Measurements+v04r04&tracking_number=20673
[3] https://apps.fcc.gov/kdb/GetAttachment.html?id=Ow2JaTt7gTZSK1xuGG2b7g%3D%3D&desc=935210+D02+Signal+Booster+Certification+v04r03&tracking_number=20673
[4] https://www.emc-directory.com/standards
[5] https://www.academyofemc.com/emc-standards
[6] https://resources.system-analysis.cadence.com/blog/msa2021-the-emc-standards-list-common-standards-and-their-significance
[7] https://theemcshop.com/application-test-type/conducted-emissions/signal-boosters/
[8] https://interferencetechnology.com/emc-assessment-programmable-controllers-choosing-appropriate-standards/